Challenges and difficulties of Nursing Students, at the University of Gjakova, in Relation to Work and Employment Models
Author(s):
Besarta Pelaj1,2* and Dijana Beqa2
Migration is a very complex and challenging factor in Kosovo, whose trends continue to play an extraordinary role in the economic and political developments in the country. Historically, Kosovo has faced the departure of citizens towards developed western countries, whose main destinations have been Germany, Switzerland and Austria. Despite the fact that the majority of the Kosovar diaspora lives in Germany, the migration reforms, driven mainly as a result of the labor shortage in Germany, continue to attract Kosovars, influencing that the trend of emigration still continues to a large extent.
Only in 2021, 21,487 people entered Germany from Kosovo, and 4,323 people originating from Kosovo left Germany, where the net migration in this year was 17,164 people.
Human capital and a qualified workforce that can satisfy the labor market’s needs for skills and drive innovation are essential for increasing competitiveness, attracting investment and the ecological and digital transition of the region. They are also the main pillars of an economy’s resilience and prosperity, which is particularly important in a changing international environment and its consequences covid-19 pandemic.
The continued high levels of labor force emigration, especially of young talents, constitute a serious development challenge for the region. While they relieve pressure from the labor market and reduce unemployment levels, they also promote and accentuate the region’s apparent skills mismatches and shortages; they, in turn, reduce the growth potential of local companies and may prevent potential investors from finding adequate skills. Creating the right conditions for attracting investment and creating new jobs by stimulating career prospects – while producing skills that match the needs of the labor market – is a prerequisite for building a resilient economy and retaining or attracting of talents.
Globalization and the increased interconnection of economies, societies and cultures also extends to higher education and academic life. The internationalization of higher education serves as a context, at the same time it is driven by the mobility of students between countries and institutions in different parts of the world. In addition to the physical movement of students, there are other initiatives that globalize education such as international research networks, harmonization of curricula, online courses, university branches in different countries, bilateral and multilateral schemes for the exchange of students and staff, and the prevalence of English as a global academic language.
Chamber of Nurses of Kosovo (OIK), reports that during 2023, the Chamber has issued 713 licenses for nurses, certificates that serve them for employment abroad. “According to the statistics, the year 2021 has seen a decline, of course, based on the analysis, the pandemic is also the cause. The increase was in 2022, which started significantly, and 543 nurses from all over Kosovo applied for non-plasticizing licenses. While in 2023 this number has increased, it means that by the 25th of December they requested 713 non-plasticized licenses, which means that they are looking for these licenses to migrate to the countries of the region and to develop the profession further “.
